HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) affects both men and women, but some symptoms may appear differently in men due to biological and hormonal differences. While many early symptoms resemble common illnesses, it is critical to pay attention to your body and get tested if you suspect possible exposure.
Early HIV symptoms often appear 2–4 weeks after infection, during what is known as the acute phase of HIV. Not everyone will experience symptoms, but for those who do, the signs can be mild and easy to confuse with other conditions.
Below are three important HIV-related symptoms in men that should not be ignored:
1. Acute Phase Symptoms (2–4 Weeks After Infection)
The acute stage of HIV occurs shortly after the virus enters the body. During this period, the virus multiplies rapidly, leading to flu-like symptoms for some individuals.
Common symptoms in men may include:
* Fever
* Chills
* Sore throat
* Severe headache
* Nausea
* Body rash
Because these symptoms resemble the flu, many men do not realise they have been infected. However, during this stage, the virus is highly active in the bloodstream, meaning it can be transmitted easily.
Anyone who suspects recent exposure should seek medical attention and get tested immediately.
2. Genital Ulcers
Some men with early HIV may develop painful sores or ulcers on the genital area. These ulcers usually:
Appear within weeks to a month after infection
Cause discomfort
May be confused with other sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
It is important to note that not all HIV-positive men experience genital ulcers, but when they occur, they are a warning sign that should be taken seriously.
3. Hypogonadism (Low Testosterone)
Hypogonadism occurs when the body does not produce enough hormones—specifically testosterone in men. HIV can increase the risk of this condition, especially if left untreated.
Signs of low testosterone in HIV-positive men may include:
* Reduced sexual desire
* Erectile difficulties
* Fatigue or low energy
* Decreased muscle mass
While hypogonadism can affect both men and women, it is more commonly observed in men living with HIV.
These symptoms do not confirm HIV, as they can occur with many other illnesses. The only way to know your HIV status is through an HIV test. Early testing and treatment can help manage the virus effectively and prevent complications.
